Effects of a high-fat meal on postprandial incretin responses, appetite scores and ad libitum energy intake in women with obesity.

BACKGROUND: Considering the possible role of triglycerides (TG), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the regulation of appetite, this study aimed to compare high fat meal-induced response of GIP and GLP-1, appetite scores and ad libitum energy intake in women with obesity, according to postprandial increment in triglyceridemia (∆TG).  Methods: Thirty-three no-diabetic women (BMI = 35.0 ± 3.2 kg.m-2) were divided into two groups: Group with ∆TG ≤ median were called "Low TG change -LTG" and ∆TG > median, "High TG change - HTG". Plasma concentrations of GIP, GLP-1 and appetite sensations were measured prior to, and every 30 min for 180 min after ingestion of a high-fat breakfast. An ad libitum lunch was served 3 h after the test meal. RESULTS: The AUC incrementalGIP were significant lower in HTG vs. LTG group (p = 0.03). The same was observed for GIP levels at 150 min (p = 0.03) and at 180 min (p < 0.01). Satiety was lower in HTG at 120 min (p = 0.03) and 150 min (p < 0.01). The AUC totalGLP1 were similar between groups and there were no between-group differences for the GLP-1 at each time point. Ad libitum food intake were also similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The HTG group exhibited differences in satiety scores and lower postprandial secretion of GIP, however with no impact on ad libitum food intake in short term.

Effects of a high-fat meal on postprandial incretin responses, appetite scores and ad libitum energy intake in women with obesity / Efectos de una comida rica en grasas en la respuesta posprandial de las incretinas, del apetito y en la ingestión de energía ad libitum en mujeres con obesidad

Background: Considering the possible role of triglycerides (TG), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the regulation of appetite, this study aimed to compare high fat meal-induced response of GIP and GLP-1, appetite scores and ad libitum energy intake in women with obesity, according to postprandial increment in triglyceridemia (ΔTG). Methods: Thirty-three no-diabetic women (BMI = 35.0 ± 3.2 kg.m-2) were divided into two groups: Group with ΔTG ≤ median were called «Low TG change -LTG» and ΔTG > median, «High TG change - HTG». Plasma concentrations of GIP, GLP-1 and appetite sensations were measured prior to, and every 30 min for 180 min after ingestion of a high-fat breakfast. An ad libitum lunch was served 3 h after the test meal. Results: The AUC incrementalGIP were signifi cant lower in HTG vs. LTG group (p = 0.03). The same was observed for GIP levels at 150 min (p = 0.03) and at 180 min (p < 0.01). Satiety was lower in HTG at 120 min (p = 0.03) and 150 min (p < 0.01). The AUC totalGLP1 were similar between groups and there were no between-group differences for the GLP-1 at each time point. Ad libitum food intake were also similar between groups. Conclusions: The HTG group exhibited differences in satiety scores and lower postprandial secretion of GIP, however with no impact on ad libitum food intake in short term (AU)

Introducción: teniendo en cuenta las posibles acciones de los triglicéridos (TG), del glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) y del glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), en la regulación del apetito (hambre y saciedad), este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la respuesta posprandial inducida por una comida rica en grasas en los niveles del GIP y GLP-1, en el apetito y en la ingestión de energía ad libitum en mujeres con obesidad, clasifi cadas de acuerdo con el aumento de la trigliceridemia postprandial (ΔTG). Métodos: treinta y tres mujeres sin diabetes (IMC = 35,0 ± 3,2 kg.m-2) fueron clasifi cadas en dos grupos: grupo con ΔTG ≤ mediana («bajo cambio en los TG - LTG») y grupo ΔTG > mediana («alto cambio en los TG-HTG»). Los niveles plasmáticos del GIP, GLP-1 y del apetito fueron evaluados antes y cada 30 minutos durante 180 minutos después de la ingestión de un desayuno rico en grasas. Un almuerzo ad libitum fue servido 3 h después del desayuno. Resultados: el área bajo la curva (AUC) del aumento del GIP (AUC aumentoGLP1) fue significativamente menor en el grupo HTG vs. LTG (p = 0,03). Lo mismo se observó para los niveles del GIP en los 150 minutos (p = 0,03) y en los 180 minutos (p < 0,01). La saciedad fue menor en el grupo HTG en los 120 minutos (p = 0,03) y en los 150 minutos (p < 0,01). La AUC totalGLP1 fue similar entre los grupos y no hubo diferencias entre ellos para los niveles del GLP-1 en los tiempos evaluados. La ingesta alimentaria ad libitum también fue similar entre los grupos. Conclusiones: el grupo HTG presentó diferencias en la saciedad y menor secreción posprandial del GIP, sin embargo, sin impacto en la ingesta de alimentos ad libitum en el corto plazo (AU)

Short-term impact of sugar consumption on hunger and ad libitum food intake in young women.

The hypothesis of this study was that greater sugar consumption at breakfast promotes a stronger sensation of hunger and a later increase in energy consumption. The objective was to assess the relation between sugar consumption in a meal and the subsequent sensations of hunger and ad libitum food consumption. Sixteen women consumed a breakfast accompanied by 2 drinks sweetened ad libitum with sugar. After 3 h, a lunch was offered to evaluate ad libitum food consumption. During the period from breakfast to lunch, hunger sensations were evaluated at 30 min intervals. Women were divided according to the median amount of sugar used to sweeten the breakfast drinks (20 g). The group who consumed sugar above the median showed a greater hunger sensation in the preprandial period, and a greater ad libitum intake at lunch (390 ± 130 g × 256 ± 67 g, P = 0.002), compared to the group who had a lower sugar consumption. The amount of sugar consumed at breakfast was correlated positively with the sensation of preprandial hunger and food intake at lunch. We concluded that foods with a high glycemic index can modulate the appetite within a short period of time.